Nka gikoresho cyibanze cyo gupima ingufu zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yingufu, metero zamashanyarazi zashyizwe muburyo butandukanye, byerekana ubwihindurize bwikoranabuhanga ndetse no guhuza ibikenewe muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha. Kuva mubukanishi kugeza mubwenge, ibipimo bya metero yumuriro bikubiyemo ibipimo byinshi, harimo ihame ryimikorere, intego, uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru. Ibikurikira byerekana gahunda nyamukuru yubwoko bwa metero yumuriro nibiranga.
Gutondekanya ukoresheje Ihame rikora
1. Imashini ya mashini (Metero ya Induction)
Imashini ya mashini nigikoresho cyambere cyo gupima amashanyarazi, gikora ku ihame ryo kwinjiza amashanyarazi. Umwanya wa magneti utangwa na coil ya voltage na voltage itwara disiki ya aluminiyumu kuzunguruka, hamwe n'umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka ugereranije no gukoresha ingufu. Umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka amaherezo uyobowe na gari ya moshi kugirango yerekane imibare. Mugihe ubu bwoko bwa metero bworoshye kandi buke - igiciro, burababazwa no kutamenya neza no kudashobora kohereza amakuru kure. Kubwibyo, igenda isimburwa buhoro buhoro na metero za elegitoroniki.
Metero ya elegitoroniki
Imetero ya elegitoroniki ikoresha imiyoboro ya elegitoronike (nka analog - kugeza - ihinduranya rya digitale na microprocessors) kugirango ibare mu buryo butaziguye ingufu zikoreshwa kandi yerekane amakuru kuri digitale. Ugereranije na metero yubukanishi, bafite ubunyangamugayo buhanitse (kugeza kurwego rwa 0.2S), imbaraga zikomeye zo kurwanya -, no gushyigikira igihe - cya - gukoresha fagitire nindi mirimo. Ubu ni ubwoko bwibanze bwa metero zo murugo ninganda.
3. Metero nziza
Imetero yubwenge yazamuye verisiyo ya metero ya elegitoroniki. Bahuza uburyo bwitumanaho (nka LoRa, NB - IoT cyangwa abatwara umurongo wamashanyarazi) kugirango bagere kubisoma bya metero byikora, byukuri - gukurikirana igihe hamwe nuburyo bubiri -. Abakoresha barashobora kureba amakuru yo gukoresha amashanyarazi binyuze muri porogaramu za terefone igendanwa, kandi amasosiyete akoresha amashanyarazi ashobora kandi guhindura ingamba zo gutanga amashanyarazi. Nibintu byingenzi bigize gride yubwenge.
Gutondekanya ukoresheje
1. Imetero imwe - metero yicyiciro
Byakoreshejwe kumurongo umwe - icyiciro AC gupima ingufu mumazu cyangwa ahantu hacururizwa. Bikunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya 220V, urugero rwo gupima ni 5 (60) A cyangwa 10 (40) A, byujuje ibisabwa byumutwaro wumucyo rusange, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibindi.
2. Metero eshatu - metero yicyiciro
Byagenewe abakoresha inganda nini cyangwa nini mubucuruzi, bikwiranye na 380V eshatu - sisitemu yingufu zicyiciro, zigabanijwe muburyo bubiri: eshatu - icyiciro cya gatatu - insinga (nta nsinga zidafite aho zibogamiye) na bitatu - icyiciro cya kane - (hamwe ninsinga zidafite aho zibogamiye). Moderi yo hejuru - yerekana neza irashobora gupima ingufu zikoreshwa na moteri - moteri yingufu, transformateur, nibindi bikoresho, kandi moderi zimwe zishyigikira isesengura rihuje.
3. Ibipimo byishyuwe mbere
Gukomatanya ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoronike hamwe namakarita ya IC cyangwa sisitemu yo kwishyura ya kure, abakoresha bagomba kuzuza konti yabo mbere yo gukoresha amashanyarazi. Amashanyarazi yikora ifunga - kuzimya mugihe impirimbanyi idahagije ituma iyi metero ikwiranye no gucunga umutungo rusange cyangwa ibintu bikodeshwa, birinda neza ingaruka zo kwishyurwa.
Itondekanya nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho
1. Direct - Guhuza Metero
Umurongo uriho uhujwe neza nu mutwaro, ukwiranye na progaramu nkeya (mubisanzwe munsi ya 100A). Iyi miterere yoroshye isaba impinduka igezweho kumashanyarazi maremare.
2. Guhindura - Guhuza Metero
Uhujwe na - voltage cyangwa hejuru - imiyoboro ya none (nka insimburangingo) ikoresheje impinduka zubu (CTs) hamwe na voltage ihindura (PTs). Imetero itunganya gusa - ibimenyetso byingufu, byemeza umutekano hamwe nintera yagutse.
Gutondekanya muburyo bwo kohereza amakuru
1. Metero yaho
Kubura imikorere yitumanaho kandi bisaba igitabo kuri - gusoma metero. Ubu buryo ntibukora neza ariko buhenze -, kandi bukunze kuboneka mumiryango ituye kera.
2. Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi ya kure
Kohereza amakuru mu buryo butemewe (GPRS / 4G / 5G), insinga (RS-485), cyangwa binyuze mumashanyarazi (PLC) ishyigikira imiyoboro ya gride nogucunga, bikora umusingi wa gride yubwenge.
Umwanzuro
Itondekanya rya metero z'amashanyarazi ryerekana ingaruka zikomeye ziterambere ryikoranabuhanga mugucunga ingufu. Kuva ku bikoresho bya mashini kugeza itumanaho rya IoT, metero z'amashanyarazi ntizikora imirimo yo gupima gusa ahubwo ziba ningenzi mumashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza ingufu, no kutabogama kwa karubone. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ryinshi ry’ububiko bw’amashanyarazi n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, metero z'amashanyarazi zizagenda zihindagurika zigana kuri - guhuza ingufu hamwe no kubara impande zose, bizatanga inkunga yo guhindura ingufu ku isi hose.