Nka gikoresho cyibanze cyo gupima ingufu zikoreshwa muri sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, imikorere ya metero y’amashanyarazi igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye, kwiringirwa, n’uburinganire bwo gupima ingufu. Hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’imashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga rishya ry’ingufu, metero z'amashanyarazi ntizigomba kuba zujuje imirimo y’ibanze gusa, ahubwo zifite n’ubumenyi buhanitse, ubushobozi bw’itumanaho, hamwe n’ibidukikije. Iyi ngingo izasesengura ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi n'ibisabwa tekinike ya metero z'amashanyarazi uhereye ku buryo bwuzuye, butajegajega, ubwizerwe, ubwenge, ndetse no guhuza ibidukikije.
Ibipimo Byukuri: Igipimo Cyibanze Cyerekana Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi
Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi ni byo by'ibanze bisabwa kugira ngo bikore neza, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye bwo kwishyuza abakoresha amashanyarazi no kwizerwa kw'amakuru ava mu masosiyete akora amashanyarazi. Ibipimo mpuzamahanga (nka IEC 62053) namabwiriza yigihugu mubisanzwe ashyiraho amahame akomeye kugirango metero y'amashanyarazi ibe nziza. Inzego zisanzwe zirimo 0.2s, 0.5s, 1.0, na 2.0, hamwe numubare muto ugereranya ukuri kwinshi. Hejuru ya - metero zamashanyarazi zisanzwe zikoresha cyane - zihindura amashanyarazi (CTs) hamwe na voltage ihindura (PTs), ihujwe na analog igezweho - kugeza kuri - ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji (ADC), kugirango harebwe ibipimo nyabyo mubihe bitandukanye byuburemere (nkibintu bito bito kandi -). Byongeye kandi, metero yubwenge igomba gushiramo ubushobozi - ubushobozi bwa kalibrasi kugirango igumane igihe kirekire -.
Ihamye kandi ndende - Igihe cyo kwizerwa
Guhagarara kwa metero bivuga ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza gupima neza igihe kinini cyo gukora. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku gutuza harimo gusaza ibice, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe, hamwe no guhuza amashanyarazi. Uburebure bwa metero - busanzwe bukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki - byizewe kandi bigakorerwa ibizamini byihuse byashaje kugirango harebwe imikorere ihamye mubuzima bwa serivisi burenze imyaka 10.
Kwizerwa bivuga ubushobozi bwa metero bwo gukorera ahantu habi, nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe buke, ubushuhe, hamwe no kunyeganyega. Inganda - metero zisanzwe zubahiriza ibipimo bya electromagnetic ihuza (EMC) nka IEC 61000, bitanga ubudahangarwa bwo kwivanga kwinzibacyuho nkumurabyo no gukubitwa, kwemeza ko ikusanyamakuru ridahungabanywa n’ibidukikije.
Ubushobozi bwubwenge no gutumanaho
Imetero yubwenge igezweho ntabwo ifite ibikorwa byo gupima metero gakondo yubukanishi cyangwa ibyuma bya elegitoronike ahubwo inahuza microprocessor, kwibuka, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutumanaho kugirango dushyigikire metero ya kure gusoma, gucunga imizigo, gutahura anomaly, nibindi bikorwa. Metero yubwenge ikoresha uburyo bwitumanaho bukurikira:
• Itumanaho ridafite insinga (nka LoRa, NB - IoT, na Wi - Fi) kugirango yegerejwe abaturage;
• Itumanaho rikoresha insinga (nka RS-485 na Power Line Carrier (PLC)) kubuyobozi bukuru.
Mubyongeyeho, metero yubwenge isanzwe ishyigikira protocole mpuzamahanga yitumanaho nka DLMS / COSEM kugirango ihuze na sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu zituruka kubacuruzi batandukanye.
Guhuza Ibidukikije n'umutekano
Imetero y'amashanyarazi irashobora gushirwa hanze, mubutaka, cyangwa mubidukikije, bityo bigomba kuba bifite ibidukikije byiza. Ingero zirimo:
• Ubushyuhe bukabije bwo gukora (urugero, -40 dogere +70 dogere);
• Kurwanya amazi n'umukungugu (IP65 cyangwa irenga);
• Ruswa - igishushanyo mbonera cyokoresha mugukoresha ubutumburuke bwinshi cyangwa gutera umunyu. Ku bijyanye n'umutekano, metero z'amashanyarazi zigomba kubahiriza ibipimo by'umutekano w'amashanyarazi (nka IEC 62052) kugira ngo birinde ingaruka nko guhungabana kw'amashanyarazi, umuvuduko ukabije, hamwe n'umuyoboro mugufi. Bagomba kandi kwemeza abakoresha amakuru yihariye kandi bakirinda kwinjira cyangwa kubiherwa uburenganzira.
Umwanzuro
Imikorere ya metero yamashanyarazi igira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere ya sisitemu yingufu nurwego rwo gucunga ingufu zubwenge. Ubusobanuro buhanitse, butajegajega, ubwenge, hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije n’ibisabwa byibanze bya metero zamashanyarazi zigezweho. Hamwe niterambere rya interineti yingufu, metero zamashanyarazi zizaza zizakomeza guhuza ikoranabuhanga nkisesengura rya AI hamwe nububiko bwamakuru kugirango habeho kunoza ibipimo bifatika no gucunga neza, bitanga ubufasha bwizewe bwa tekinike kugirango inzibacyuho y’isi yose.