Nka gikoresho cyibanze cyo gupima ingufu zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yingufu, metero zamashanyarazi zigira ingaruka zitaziguye kumikorere no kumenya neza imicungire yingufu. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse rya gride yubukorikori hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya digitale, metero zamashanyarazi zigezweho zahindutse ziva mubikoresho gakondo byo gupima imashini zikoreshwa mubintu byubwenge bifite imikorere myinshi, neza cyane, hamwe nubushobozi bwitumanaho rya kure. Iyi ngingo izasesengura uruhare rwingenzi rwa metero gakondo nubwenge mugupima ingufu hibandwa kubiranga.
Ibiranga shingiro byumuriro w'amashanyarazi gakondo
Imetero y'amashanyarazi gakondo yerekeza cyane cyane kuri metero ya elegitoroniki, ibimenyetso byingenzi birimo:
1.Ihame ryo gupima imashini: Imbaraga za electromagnetique zitangwa na coil ya voltage na voltage itwara kuzunguruka kwa disiki ya aluminium, ikusanya ingufu zikoresha uburyo bwo kohereza ibikoresho. Ubu buryo bwo gupima bwimbitse bushingiye kumiterere yubukanishi, bushobora kuganisha byoroshye kwambara amakosa mugihe.
2.Ubushobozi bwo gupima icyerekezo: Izi metero zandika gusa amashanyarazi yose kandi ntishobora gutandukanya amakuru yo gukoresha ingufu mubihe bitandukanye cyangwa ubwoko bwimitwaro. Ntibabura kandi ubushobozi bwo gupima (nko muri gride - ihuza amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi).
3.Kwishingikiriza ku Gusoma Imfashanyigisho: Gusoma metero y'intoki bisaba kwandika buri gihe ibyasomwe na metero, ibyo bikaba bidakora neza kandi byoroshye kwibasirwa namakosa yabantu, bigatuma bigorana gukemura - igihe gikenewe cyo gucunga ingufu.
Nubwo hari aho bigarukira, metero gakondo ziracyafite agaciro mubice bitaratera imbere cyangwa kumikoreshereze yigihe gito kubera imiterere yoroshye nigiciro gito.
Ibiranga Iterambere ryibipimo byubwenge
Imetero yubwenge ningingo zingenzi mumashanyarazi agezweho ya Internet yibintu (IoT). Ibiranga ikoranabuhanga byongera cyane ubwenge bwo gucunga ingufu:
1.High - Ibipimo bya Digital Byuzuye: Gukoresha analog - kugeza kuri - guhinduranya imibare (ADCs) na microprocessors, bagera ku bipimo bifatika bya 0.2s (ibipimo mpuzamahanga), bashyigikira ikusanyamakuru nyaryo - igihe cyo gukusanya amakuru munsi yimitwaro ifite imbaraga kandi ikaba iri munsi ya metero gakondo.
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3.Ubushobozi bwitumanaho ryibice bibiri: Kohereza amakuru kure bigerwaho hifashishijwe umugozi (urugero, NB - IoT, LoRa) cyangwa imiyoboro ya insinga (urugero, PLC, fibre optique), ifasha ibigo byamashanyarazi gukurikirana imiterere ya gride mugihe nyacyo no kwemerera abakoresha kureba ingufu zikoreshwa - zikoreshwa na porogaramu.
4.Isaranganya ry'ingufu zitangwa: Gushyigikira ibipimo byombi, kwandika neza umubare wa gride - ingufu zahujwe zikoreshwa n’abakoresha (urugero, sisitemu yo kubika amashanyarazi n’ingufu), biteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zisukuye.
5.Gusuzuma neza no Kurinda Umutekano: Yubatswe - muburyo budasanzwe bwo gukoresha ingufu zidasanzwe zerekana (urugero, kumeneka no kugufi - imburi zumuzunguruko) hamwe n’itumanaho ryihishe (urugero, SM1 / SM4 ibanga ryihishwa ryigihugu) byemeza umutekano wamakuru, bikagabanya ingaruka zikorwa rya gride.
Ingaruka z'ihindagurika ry'ikoranabuhanga ku nganda
Kwiyongera kwinshi kwa metero zubwenge byatumye habaho udushya muburyo bwo gucunga ingufu:
• Ku bakoresha: Kwerekana amakuru akoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu bitera ubumenyi bwo kubungabunga ingufu, kandi ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byashyize mu bikorwa icyitegererezo cy’inguzanyo "nyuma".
• Kumashanyarazi ya gride: Ibyinshi nyabyo - amakuru yigihe yorohereza guhanura imitwaro hamwe nikibanza cyamakosa, byongera imbaraga za gride.
• Kubijyanye no gufata ibyemezo: Gutanga amakuru yizewe yo gupima karubone, gucuruza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, nibindi bikorwa.
Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no guhuza ibice bya mudasobwa hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya AI, metero z'amashanyarazi zizagenda zihindagurika zerekeza "ku cyemezo cyaho - gukora + ubufatanye bw'igicu," kizaba ikintu cy'ibanze mu bidukikije bifite ingufu.
Umwanzuro
Kuva mu bipimo bya mashini kugeza kuri terefone zifite ubwenge, ubwihindurize bwa tekinoroji ya metero z'amashanyarazi bugaragaza inganda z'ingufu zidahwema gukora neza kandi neza. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga ntabwo bishingiye gusa mu kwagura ibikorwa byo gupima gusa ahubwo no muburyo bwo kuvugurura amashanyarazi no gukenera umubano binyuze mu guhuza amakuru. Gusobanukirwa ibyo biranga ningirakamaro mugusobanukirwa imigendekere yimicungire yingufu zigezweho.